நேரங்கள் எப்படிக் கணிக்கப்படுகின்றன

How the timings on this site are computed

சூரிய உதயம், அஸ்தமனம்

Sunrise and sunset

Sunrise and sunset are computed for each city from its coordinates with Astronomy Engine (Don Cross, MIT licence), the same ephemeris the app ships and runs offline; city coordinates and time zones come from GeoNames (CC BY 4.0). They are the moments the Sun's upper edge meets the horizon, with standard atmospheric refraction. Times are shown in the city's own local time and truncated to the minute, as printed almanacs do.

வாக்கியம், திருக்கணிதம்

Vakya and Thirukanitha

Thirukanitha positions the Sun and Moon astronomically (sidereal, Lahiri ayanamsa) and uses the city's real sunrise. Vakya follows the traditional vakya reckoning used by Tamil Nadu temples and printed almanacs: the day for Rahu Kalam and the other eighths is taken as 6 am to 6 pm, and the Tamil month, thithi and star follow the vakya tables. Where the two land on different days, every page on this site shows both. See the differences →

ராகு காலம், எமகண்டம், குளிகை

Rahu Kalam, Emagandam, Kuligai

The day from sunrise to sunset is cut into eight equal parts. Rahu Kalam is part 8, 2, 7, 5, 6, 4, 3 on Sunday through Saturday; Emagandam is part 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 7, 6; Kuligai part 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. Kuligai is shown without judgement: some lineages hold it good for lasting work, others avoid it for ceremonies.

நல்ல நேரம், கௌரி, ஓரை

Nalla Neram, Gowri and Horai

Nalla Neram is drawn from the auspicious parts of the day, trimmed where they meet Rahu Kalam or Emagandam. Gowri panchangam divides day and night into eight parts each by the weekday table; Amirtham, Laabam, Dhanam, Sugam and Uthi are good. Horai are the 24 planetary hours from sunrise, starting with the weekday's planet.

விசேஷங்கள், முகூர்த்தம், திவசம்

Observances, muhurtham and thevasam

Pradosham, Ekadasi, Amavasai, Pournami and the monthly vrathams follow the thithi or star that governs each at its traditional time of day. Festivals follow each festival's own rule (Tamil month plus thithi or star). Muhurtham days combine the month, weekday, thithi and star rules, with the lagnam window. Thevasam uses the thithi holding during aparahna (the fourth fifth of the day) in the Tamil month of death.

இந்தத் தளம் பின்பற்றும் விதிகள்

Conventions this site follows

Timings vs calendar. Every timing (sunrise, Rahu Kalam, Emagandam, Kuligai, Nalla Neram, Gowri, Horai) is shown first as computed from the city's real sunrise; the printed-almanac (Vakya, 6 am day) time is shown beside it. Calendar facts (Tamil date, thithi, star, festivals) follow Vakya in India and Thirukanitha elsewhere, with the other method beside them.

Pradosham. The pradosha kaalam shown is sunset to 6 nazhigai (2 h 24 min) after sunset, on the day Thirayodasi holds at that time. Many temples hold the Nandi abhishekam just before sunset, about 4:30 – 6:00 pm; follow your temple.

Tamil month start. When the Sun enters the next sign before sunset, that day is day 1 of the new Tamil month; after sunset, the next day is. Almanacs that use a different cut-off (midnight, or a fixed time) can start the month a day earlier.

Masa Sivarathiri. Under Thirukanitha it is the night on which waning Chathurdasi holds at nishita (around midnight); under Vakya it is the day Chathurdasi holds at the printed Vakya almanac's reference moment. Almanacs that use another rule can list the day before. Where two days qualify for an observance, both are shown as one occurrence ("16 – 17").

Eclipses. All lunar eclipses are listed with their visibility from Chennai; solar eclipses are listed when visible from Chennai. Penumbral lunar eclipses are marked faint.

சரிபார்ப்பு

Verification

The engine is checked day by day for 2016–2036 against an independent astronomical reference, and those comparison fixtures are part of the app's test suite; days are also spot-checked by hand against printed Tamil almanacs. Where a printed almanac differs by a minute or two, that is usually rounding or a different sunrise definition. If you find a day that looks wrong, please tell us with the city, date and the almanac you compared with.

வரம்புகள்

Limits

The data covers 2016 to 2036. Timings are for the listed city; nearby towns differ by a few minutes. This site gives calendar facts and the tradition's general guidance, not personal predictions. For weddings, house-warmings and rites, confirm the final time with your family priest or astrologer.